#Synchronized tonegenerator generator#

Now, an incoming alternator-2 is to be connected in parallel with alternator-1 for the first time.

Consider that alternator-1 is supplying power to the bus bars at rated voltage and frequency.

The actual process of synchronization or paralleling generators includes the following steps. When the above stated methods are fulfilled, the alternators are said to be synchronized. Procedure for Connecting Alternators in Parallel This can be observed by comparing the occurrence of zero crossing or peaks of the voltage waveforms.

#Synchronized tonegenerator generator#

The phase angle between the incoming generator voltage and voltage of the bus bar should be zero. Improper matching of frequency results in high acceleration and deceleration in the prime mover that increases the transient torque. The frequency of the incoming generator must be equal to the frequency of the bus bar. If the incoming alternator voltage is lower than the bus bar voltage, generator absorbs the high reactive power from the bus bar. If the incoming alternator voltage is more than the bus bar voltage, there will be a high reactive power that flows from the generator into the grid.

The RMS voltage of the incoming alternator should be same as the RMS voltage of the bus bar or electric grid. This problem comes mainly in the event of initial installation or after maintenance. The phase sequence of the three phases of the alternator which is being connected to the power system bus must have the same phase sequence as that of the three phases of the bus bar (or electric grid). The following conditions must be met in order to synchronize a generator to the grid or with other generators. There are certain requirements that must be met for successful paralleling of alternators. Conditions for Synchronization or Paralleling of Generators So, these alternators have to be connected in parallel with the existing generator equipment.

Expanded CapacityĪs the demand for electric power is increasing continuously, utility companies have been increasing the physical size of the generating plants by adding more alternators. Due to the operation of few generators at light-loads and more generators at high peak loads efficiently loads the generators. Generators run most efficiently when they are loaded at their rated values. During peak-load demands, additional alternators are connected in parallel to meet the demand. During light-load periods, only one or two generators are operated to supply the load demands. The load requirements in the central station changes continuously. Since the other machines are operating in parallel, the interruption to supply the load is prevented. In case of periodic maintenance, break-down or repairs of one alternator, it must be shutdown and removed from service. This is because, if one alternator is failed, other alternators are still active and hence the whole system will not be shutdown. Several small units are more reliable than single large unit. The reasons for preferring this practice are enumerated below. This is called as Parallel Operation of Generators. In most commercial power plants, several small units supply the power rather than single large unit. The process of synchronization is also called as Paralleling of Alternators or Generators.

Synchronization matches various parameters of one alternator (or generator) to another alternator or to the bus bar. This is because electrical loads are not constant and they vary with time (depending on the load) and hence it is necessary to interconnect two or more alternators operating in parallel to supply larger loads. The need for synchronization arrives, particularly when two or more alternators are working together to supply the power to the load. Synchronization is accomplished by controlling the exciter current and the engine speed of the generator. The process of matching parameters such as voltage, frequency, phase angle, phase sequence and waveform of alternator (generator) or other source with a healthy or running power system is called Synchronization of Generators.Ī Generator cannot deliver power to electric power system unless its voltage, frequency and other parameters are exactly matched with the network. Different Techniques for Synchronization.Procedure for Connecting Alternators in Parallel.Conditions for Synchronization or Paralleling of Generators.